luser
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| luser [2015-12-29 16:06] – [What to do] victor | luser [2016-03-05 16:42] (current) – [LOCK] victor | ||
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| ====== A Luser' | ====== A Luser' | ||
| + | < | ||
| Disclaimer: I write this as friendly advice to new users of ITS, and the term " | Disclaimer: I write this as friendly advice to new users of ITS, and the term " | ||
| + | </ | ||
| ===== ITS is an open system ===== | ===== ITS is an open system ===== | ||
| Line 26: | Line 26: | ||
| - | * Don't overwrite files in other directories than your own. If you do it anyway, please let someone know so they can perhaps do something about it. ({{emacs_init|Here}} is a piece of TECO for your EMACS init file to help against involuntary disasters.) | + | * Don't overwrite files in other directories than your own. If you do it anyway, please let someone know so they can perhaps do something about it. ([[emacs_init|Here]] is a piece of TECO for your EMACS init file to help against involuntary disasters.) |
| * Please try to shut the system down nicely if you have to, instead of crashing it (or its host system). This minimizes the risk of filesystem breakage. | * Please try to shut the system down nicely if you have to, instead of crashing it (or its host system). This minimizes the risk of filesystem breakage. | ||
| Line 32: | Line 32: | ||
| - | - **Connect** using ((Supdup)). Supdup (the Super-Duper Image Telnet protocol) allows ITS programs (such as EMACS and PEEK) to display faster and better on your terminal (window) than using Telnet. | + | - **Connect** using [[supdup|Supdup]]. Supdup (the Super-Duper Image Telnet protocol) allows ITS programs (such as EMACS and PEEK) to display faster and better on your terminal (window) than using Telnet. |
| - | - If you don't get a * prompt, press ⟨CTRL⟩-Z (henceforth ^Z) to get attention from the ITS system. | + | - If you don't get a * prompt, press <key>CTRL-Z</ |
| - You are now talking to '' | - You are now talking to '' | ||
| - | - You will notice that what we these days mean by " | + | - You will notice that what we these days mean by " |
| - | * ^Z stops the program which is running. To let it continue, use :PROCEED or $P (that' | + | * |
| - | * ^D forgets what you typed so far on the input line. Something like ^U in bash, but doesn' | + | * |
| - | * ^^ (⟨CTRL⟩-^) is the escape character for Supdup (at least the C version). | + | * |
| - | * ^_ is (probably) the Help character in EMACS, but also a special escape character in ITS, so you have to type it twice! | + | * |
| - | * The key marked | + | * The key marked |
| + | |||
| + | If your connection is lost and you connect again, your old job (set of processes) is probably still around. | ||
| + | * Sometimes ITS detects your disconnection, | ||
| + | * Sometimes ITS doesn' | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | ===== Some commands ===== | ||
| Some useful commands (not case sensitive, but traditionally in upper case): | Some useful commands (not case sensitive, but traditionally in upper case): | ||
| ?? :DDTDOC | ?? :DDTDOC | ||
| - | :: Shows documentation for DDT commands (i.e. not for programs). Try :DDTDOC ^F to get documentation for the ^F command, or just :DDTDOC for interactive mode. !! | + | :: Shows documentation for DDT commands (i.e. not for programs). Try '' |
| ?? :WHAT | ?? :WHAT | ||
| - | :: Answers questions, both silly and useful. Try :WHAT is this or :WHAT source for NAME, or :WHAT bus (for MIT buses in '87 or so). !! | + | :: Answers questions, both silly and useful. Try '' |
| ?? :LUSER | ?? :LUSER | ||
| :: This command calls for help from more knowledgable hackers, if any are logged in. !! | :: This command calls for help from more knowledgable hackers, if any are logged in. !! | ||
| ?? :SEND user message^C | ?? :SEND user message^C | ||
| - | :: sends a message to user. If the user is logged in, the message is displayed on his/her terminal. If you get a message and don't see it or want to re-read it, press ^A in HACTRN. (:SEND is similar to write in u*ix, but better.) !! | + | :: sends a message to user (end with < |
| ?? :KILL | ?? :KILL | ||
| - | :: kills the current " | + | :: kills the current " |
| ?? :EMACS | ?? :EMACS | ||
| - | :: This is the original EMACS! Not really as powerful as the follow-ups (FSF Emacs, XEmacs), but leaner and meaner. Written in the " | + | :: This is the original EMACS! Not really as powerful as the follow-ups (FSF Emacs, XEmacs), but leaner and meaner. Written in the " |
| ?? :PEEK | ?? :PEEK | ||
| - | :: Similar to top in u*ix, but show more kinds of information. Try pressing ?. Pressing Q quits. !! | + | :: Similar to top in u*ix, but show more kinds of information. Try pressing |
| ?? :FINGER, :F, :NAME, :N, :WHEN, :WHOIS | ?? :FINGER, :F, :NAME, :N, :WHEN, :WHOIS | ||
| :: These commands show information about who is logged in, and take an optional user name as argument, showing info also about non-logged-in users. !! | :: These commands show information about who is logged in, and take an optional user name as argument, showing info also about non-logged-in users. !! | ||
| ?? :PRINT file | ?? :PRINT file | ||
| - | :: prints file on your terminal, similar to more in u*ix. Try :PRINT HACK;MD NEWS! !! | + | :: prints file on your terminal, similar to more in u*ix. Try '' |
| ?? :LISTF | ?? :LISTF | ||
| - | :: lists the files in the default directory. Also try :LF, which is different. !! | + | :: lists the files in the default directory. Also try '' |
| - | + | More commands: | |
| - | * For a fun introduction to more commands, read ((hactrn|The HACTRN)) by Guy L. Steele. | + | * For a fun introduction to more commands, read [[http:// |
| - | * For a gentle introduction to more commands, read Getting Started Computing at the AI Lab (PDF [new 101222]) | + | * For a gentle introduction to more commands, read {{AI_WP_235.pdf|Getting Started Computing at the AI Lab}} especially chapter 6. |
| - | * For a serious introduction to DDT/HACTRN, read the DDT Primer and Reference Manual, e.g. by using the command :INFO DDT. | + | * For a serious introduction to DDT/HACTRN, read the [[http:// |
| - | * For historical information, | + | * For historical information, |
| ===== Directories and files ===== | ===== Directories and files ===== | ||
| Line 76: | Line 83: | ||
| File names have four components. Each can be up to six characters. | File names have four components. Each can be up to six characters. | ||
| - | * | + | * |
| - | * | + | * |
| * " | * " | ||
| - | * " | + | * " |
| Example: " | Example: " | ||
| Sometimes filenames are shown in another order, as DIR; DEV: FN1 FN2. | Sometimes filenames are shown in another order, as DIR; DEV: FN1 FN2. | ||
| About file versions: | About file versions: | ||
| - | * If you write a file FOO >, you create the next version of FOO. If FOO 41 exists, you create FOO 42. | + | * If you //write// a file '' |
| - | * If you read a file FOO >, you read the latest version (or largest version number). | + | * If you //read// a file '' |
| * The FN2 "<" | * The FN2 "<" | ||
| - | * So you may need to clean up once in a while, e.g. by using the H command in DIRED (in EMACS). | + | * So you may need to clean up once in a while, e.g. by using the <key>H</ |
| - | If your connection is lost and you connect again, your old job (set of processes) is probably still around. | ||
| - | Sometimes ITS detects your disconnection, | ||
| - | Sometimes ITS doesn' | ||
| ===== Quick Ref for various commands ===== | ===== Quick Ref for various commands ===== | ||
| Line 100: | Line 104: | ||
| The program used for (among other things) shutting down the system cleanly. | The program used for (among other things) shutting down the system cleanly. | ||
| - | * Type :LOCK to start it, and it prompts you with _ (underscore). | + | * |
| - | * To schedule a shutdown, give the command nDOWN, where n is the number of minutes to wait (minimum 5). | + | * To schedule a shutdown, give the command |
| - | * You are now asked if you really want the system to go down. Answer y if you really do. | + | * You are now asked if you really want the system to go down. Answer |
| - | * You are then asked to enter a brief message to users, ended by ^C. Please do. | + | * You are then asked to enter a brief message to users, ended by <key>^C</ |
| The system will start shutting down when either the n minutes have passed, or all users have logged out. (Please do not quit KLH10 or shut down the host system until ITS has shut down completely, which is visible on its console or by observing the CPU usage of kn10-ks going up towards 100%.) | The system will start shutting down when either the n minutes have passed, or all users have logged out. (Please do not quit KLH10 or shut down the host system until ITS has shut down completely, which is visible on its console or by observing the CPU usage of kn10-ks going up towards 100%.) | ||
| Line 109: | Line 113: | ||
| To cancel a shutdown, use the REVIVE command of LOCK. | To cancel a shutdown, use the REVIVE command of LOCK. | ||
| - | From HUMOR; | + | ==== DSKUSE ==== |
| + | '': | ||
| + | shows how full your current directory is. | ||
| + | '': | ||
| + | shows how full the HACK; directory is. | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== PRUFD ==== | ||
| + | '': | ||
| + | PRints the User File Directories, | ||
| + | ===== Footnotes ===== | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Lusers ==== | ||
| + | |||
| + | |||
| + | From '' | ||
| + | |||
| + | ?? LUSER | ||
| + | :: See USER. !! | ||
| + | ?? USER n. | ||
| + | :: A programmer who will believe anything you tell him. One who asks questions. Identified at MIT with " | ||
| + | |||
| + | [Note by GLS: I don't agree with RF's definition at all. Basically, there are two classes of people who work with a program: there are implementors (hackers) and users (losers). The users are looked down on by hackers to a mild degree because they don't understand the full ramifications of the system in all its glory. (A few users who do are known as real winners.) It is true that users ask questions (of necessity). Very often they are annoying or downright stupid.] | ||
| + | |||
| + | ==== Alice' | ||
| + | (See [[http:// | ||
| - | LUSER | + | You can hack anything you want, with TECO and DDT.\\ |
| - | See USER. | + | You can hack anything you want, with TECO and DDT.\\ |
| - | USER n. | + | $U in and begin to hack.\\ |
| - | A programmer who will believe | + | Twiddle bits in a core dump and write 'em back.\\ |
| - | [Note by GLS: I don't agree with RF's definition at all. Basically, there are two classes of people who work with a program: there are implementors (hackers) | + | You can hack anything you want, with TECO and DDT.\\ |
| + | (But be careful typing <RET>)\\ | ||
| + | With TECO and DDT! | ||
luser.1451401592.txt.gz · Last modified: 2015-12-29 16:06 by victor
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